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~~~Psychoactive Flora & Fungi~~~
This file is intended to list all the effective psychoactive plants, cacti and fungi which are also known to be relatively safe. All the botanicals listed are either overtly psychoactive or have historical significance, or both. I’ve attempted to pinpoint the main species in order to keep it simple, but there may be related species in any given genera which may have similar effects.
Entheogens (Botanicals which produce entheogenic, psychedelic and/or hallucinogenic effects)-
*Amanita muscaria {var. muscaria} ~ “Fly Agaric” <
*Anadenanthera colubrine {var. cebil} & Anadenanthera peregrina {var. peregrina} ~ “Cebil” & “Yopo”
*Argyreia nervosa {var. nervosa} ~ “Baby Woodrose”
*Banisteriopsis caapi ~ “Ayahuasca” or “Yage”
*Diplopterys cabrerana ~ “Chaliponga” or “Oco-Yagè”
*Heimia salicifolia ~ “Sinicuichi” or “Sun Opener”
*Ipomoea tricolor & Ipomoea violacea ~ “Morning Glory” or “Tlitliltzin” <
*Lophophora williamsii ~ “Peyote” or “Peyotl”*
*Mimosa tenuiflora (syn. hostilis) ~ “Jurema”
*Psilocybe cubensis ~ “Magic/Sacred Mushrooms” or “Teonanácatl”* <
*Psychotria viridis ~ “Chacruna”
*Salvia divinorum ~ “Diviner’s Sage“, “Ska Pastora” or “Yerba de la Pastora”
*Tabernanthe iboga ~ “Iboga” or “Eboka”*
*Trichocereus (syn. Echinopsis) pachanoi & Trichocereus peruvianus ~ “San Pedro” & “Peruvian Torch”
*Turbina (syn. Rivea) corymbosa ~ “Ololiúqui” or “Xtabentún”
*Virola calophylla & Virola theiodora ~ “Epena”
Psychoactives (Botanicals which produce intoxication, inebriation, stimulation or other mind altering effects when ingested)-
*Acorus calamus ~ “Sweet Flag” <
*Areca catechu ~ “Betel Nut”
*Argemone mexicana ~ “Prickly Poppy” or “Chicalote”
*Artemisia absinthium & Artemisia vulgaris ~ “Wormwood” & “Mugwort” <
*B???
*Calea zacatechichi (syn. ternifolia) ~ “Thlepelakano” or “Bitter Grass”
*Camellia sinensis ~ “Tea” or “Green Tea Plant” <
*Canavalia maritima ~ “Baybean”
*Cannabis sativa ~ “Marijuana” or “Ganja”*
*Catha edulis ~ “Khat”*
*Coffea arabica ~ “Coffee”
*Cola acuminata & Cola nitida ~ “Cola Nut”
*Corydalis yanhusuo ~ “Yan-Hu-Suo” or “Fumewort”
*Cypripedium species ~ “Lady’s Slipper Orchid” <
*Duboisia hopwoodii ~ “Pituri”
*Ephedra sinica ~ “Ma Huang” or “Joint-Fir/Pine”
*Erythrina mulungu ~ “Mulungu”
*Erythroxylum coca {var. coca; var. ipadu} & Erythroxylum novagranatense {var. novogranatense; var. truxilloensis} ~ “Coca”*
*F???
*G???
*Helichrysum foetidum ~ “Stinking Strawflower”
*Ilex guayusa, Ilex paraguariensis & Ilex vomitoria ~ “Guayusa”, “Yerba Mate” & “Yaupon” <
*Justicia pectoralis {var. stenophylla} ~ “Tilo” or “Mashi-Hiri”
*Kaempferia galanga ~ “Galanga”
*Lactuca virosa ~ “Opium Lettuce” or “Bitter/Wild Lettuce” <
*Lagochilus inebrians ~ “Inebriating Mint”<
*Leonotis leonurus ~ “Wild Dagga”
*Leonurus cardiaca & Leonurus sibiricus ~ “Motherwort” & “Honeyweed”<
*Lobelia inflata ~ “Indian Tobacco”<
*Mitragyna speciosa ~ “Kratom”
*Monotropa uniflora ~ “Indian Pipe” or “Ghost Pipe”
*Myristica fragrans ~ “Nutmeg”
*Nelumbo nucifera ~ “Indian Sacred Lotus” or “Oriental Lotus”
*Nicotiana tabacum ~ “Tobacco”<
*Nymphaea caerulea ~ “Egyptian Blue Lily”
*O???
*Papaver somniferum ~ “Opium Poppy”*<
*Passiflora incarnata ~ “Passionflower”<
*Paullinia cupana {var. sorbilis} ~ “Guaraná”
*Pausinystalia (syn. Corynanthe) yohimbe ~ “Yohimbe”
*Pedicularis species ~ “Lousewort”
*Peganum harmala ~ “Harmal” or “Syrian Rue”
*Piper methysticum {var. methysticum} ~ “Kava-Kava”
*Quararibea funebris ~ “Cacahuaxochitl” or “Flor de Cacao”
*R???
*Sceletium tortuosum ~ “Kanna”
*Scutellaria species ~ “Skullcap” or “Scullcap”<
*Sida cordifolia ~ “Bala” or “Wireweed”
*Silene capensis (syn. undulata) ~ “Ubulawu” or “???”
*Tagetes lucida ~ “Mexican Tarragon”<
*Theobroma cacao ~ “Cacao” or “Chocolate”
*U???
*Valeriana officinalis ~ “Valerian Root”<
*Verbena officinalis ~ “Vervain”
*W???
*X???
*Y??
*Zornia latifolia ~ “Maconha Brava”
Medicinal Ethnobotanicals (Botanicals which have medicinal properties. These plants may have anti-anxiety, anti-depressant or other healing effects, but are not overtly psychoactive, yet may include some mild forms of psychoactives.)
*Achillea millefolium ~ “Yarrow”
*Acmella (syn. Spilanthes) oleracea ~ “Toothache Plant” or “Paracress”
*Albizia julibrissin ~ “Happiness Tree” or “Silk Tree”
*Aloe vera ~ “Aloe”
*Althaea officinalis ~ “Marshmallow”
*Angelica archangelica ~ “Angelica”
*Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ~ “Bearberry” or “Kinnikinnick”
*Aspalathus linearis ~ “Rooibos”
*Azadirachta indica ~ “Neem”
*Borago officinalis ~ “Borage” or “Starflower”
*Canarium luzonicum ~ “Elemi”
*Cinchona officinalis ~ “Quinine Bark”
*Cinnamomum camphora & Cinnamomum verum ~ “Camphor Laurel” & “Cinnamon”
*Commiphora myrrha ~ “Myrrh”
*Croton lechleri ~ “Sangre de Grado” or “Liquid Bandage”
*Cyclopia species ~ “Honeybush”
*Dryobalanops aromatica ~ “Camphor Tree” or “Borneo/Malay/Sumatran Camphor”
*Eleutherococcus senticosus ~ “Eleuthero Root”
*Eriodictyon californicum ~ “Yerba Santa”
*Eryngium yuccaefolium ~ “Button Snake-Root” or “Rattlesnake’s Master”
*Eschscholzia californica ~ “California Poppy”
*Foeniculum vulgare ~ “Fennel”
*Ganoderma lucidum ~ “Reishi Mushroom”
*Gaultheria procumbens ~ “Wintergreen”
*Gingko biloba ~ “Gingko”
*Glaucium flavum ~ “Yellow Horned Poppy”
*Glycyrrhiza glabra ~ “Liquorice”
*Heliopsis longipes ~ “Gold Root”
*Humulus lupulus & Humulus japonicus ~ “Common Hop” & “Japanese Hop”
*Hypericum perforatum ~ “St. John’s Wort”
*Hyssopus officinalis ~ “Hyssop”
*Ledum (syn. Rhododendron) palustre & Ledum groenlandicum ~ “Labrador Tea”
*Lepidium meyenii ~ “Maca”
*Ligusticum porteri ~ “Osha”
*Magnolia officinalis ~ “Houpu Magnolia”?
*Mirabilis multiflora ~ “Colorado four o’clock”
*Melissa officinalis ~ “Lemon Balm”
*Mentha species ~ “Mint”
*Nepeta cataria ~ “Catnip”
*Nigella sativa ~ “Black-Seed”
*Panax ginseng ~ “Ginseng”
*Polygala tenuifolia ~ “Yuan Zhi” or “Milkwort”
*Polygonum multiflorum ~ “Fo-Ti”
*Rauwolfia serpentina ~ “Snake-Root” or “Sarpagandha”
*Rhodiola rosea ~ “Rose-Root”
*Salix alba ~ “White Willow”
*Salvia miltiorrhiza & other Salvia species ~ “Dan Shen” & “Sage”
*Sassafras albidum ~ “Sassafras”
*Silybum marianum ~ “Milk Thistle”
*Turnera diffusa ~ “Damiana”
*Tynanthus panurensis ~ “Clavo-Huasca”
*Uncaria tomentosa ~ “Uña de Gato” or “Cat’s Claw”
*Urtica dioica ~ “Stinging Nettle”
*Verbascum species ~ “Mullein”
*Withania somnifera ~ “Ashwagandha”
*Ziziphus zizyphus ~ “Jujube” or “Chinese Red Date”
*Zingiber officinale ~ Ginger
Other Ethnobotanicals (Botanical oddities, strange flora or otherwise intriguing plants which do not fit into any of the other categories).
*Bixa orellana ~ “Achiote” or “Lipstick Tree”
*Capsicum species ~ “Chilli Peppers”
*Dionaea muscipula ~ “Venus Flytrap”
*Ficus religiosa ~ “Bodhi”, “Bo-Tree” or “Sacred Fig”
*Indigofera tinctoria ~ “Indigo”
*Isatis tinctoria ~ “Woad”
*Manilkara chicle ~ “Chicle” or “Tziktli”
*Phyla (syn. Lippia) dulcis ~ “Aztec Honey Herb”
*Stevia rebaudiana ~ “Sweetleaf”
*Synsepalum dulcificum ~ “Miracle Fruit”
*Cymbopogon nardus & Cymbopogon winterianus & Pelargonium citrosum ~ “Citronella”
*Castilla elastica & Hevea brasiliensis ~ “olicuáhuitl” & “Jebe Tree” or “Rubber Tree”
*Psychotria ipecacuanha ~ “Ipecac”
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